DRUG BLOG
Itopride
DID YOU KNOW?
- Itopride has been launched in japan by hokuriku seiyaku as Ganaton for the treatment of gastrointestinal disorder such as gastritis.
CHEMISTRY
Chemical names: Itopride; 12289867-3;N-(4-(2-
(Dimethylamino)ethoxy)benzyl)-3,4-
dimethoxybenzamide; UNII-81BMQ80QRL; Itopride [INN]
METABOLISM
It is metabolized by the involvement of flavin-containing monooxygenase
THERAPEUTIC EFFECTS
Itopride effectively increases movement of food and facilitates emptying of the stomach. It is used for the treatment of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease, Functional Dyspepsia, and otner associated motility disorders
CONTRAINDICATIONS
Itopride is contraindicated in hypersensitivity to itopride or benzamides; lactation, GI hemorrhage, obstruction or perforation
SIDE EFFECTS
mild to moderate abdominal pain and diarrhea. Some other side effects that may occur including: rash
giddiness, increased salivation, constipation, headache, sleeping, disorders, dizziness
NURSING MANAGEMENT
-Observe 10 R's
-Monitor before and after the VS
-Give drug before meals
-Educate patient of possible side effects and to report any abnormalities
-After 30-60 min check/ assess bowel movemnet
Tramadol
DID YOU KNOW?
In 2013, researchers reported that tramadol was found in relatively high concentrations (1%+) in the roots of the african pin cushion tree (Nauclea latifolia).
CHEMISTRY
Chemical names: Tramadol; 123134-25-8; (-) -(S,S) -trans-Tramadol; UNII-26J30IC20Q; 26J30IC20Q; (-)trans-2-(Dimethylmaninomethyl)-1-(m-Methoxyphenyl) cyclohexanol
METABOLISM
Binds mu-opioid receptors and inhibits reuptake of norepinephrine and serotonin which decreases pain.
THERAPEUTIC EFFECTS
It is to relieve moderate to severe pain.
CONTRAINDICATIONS
- Contraindicated in patients hypersensitivity to drug.
- Use cautiously in patients with long term alcohol use because therapeutic doses can cause hepatotoxicity in these patients.
- Rash, Urticaria
SIDE EFFECTS
Vasodilation, Dizziness, Vertigo, Headache, Somnolence, Stimulation, Anxiety, Confusion, Coordination, Disturbances, Euphoria,Nervousness, Visual disturbances, and dry mouth.
NURSING MANAGEMENT
- Monitor v/s
- Assess patients in pain before therapy and regularly thereafter to monitor drug effectiveness
- Assess for hypersensitivity reactions
- Monitor for possible drug induced adverse reactions
- Monitor for CNS changes
- Assess patients and family's knowledge on drug therapy
Ipatropium Bromide Salmbutamol
DID YOU KNOW?
Ipatropium bromide salbutamol is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines, the most effective and safe medicines needed in a health system.
CHEMISTRY
Ipatropium Bromide; 22254-24-6; Ipatropium bromid; Ipatropii Bromidum; Bromuro De Ipratropio; Bromure D'Ipratropium; Atrovent; 8-Isopropylnoratripine Metho bromide
METABOLISM
It works by relaxing the muscles of the airways into the lungs which makes it easier to breathe. Salbutamol inhalers are usually blue.
THERAPEUTIC EFFECTS
It is indicated for management of obstructive airway disease.
CONTRAINDICATIONS
It is contraindicated in patients hypersensitivity in lecithin or related food products such as soybeans, peanuts and any components of duavent or to atropine and its derivatives.
SIDE EFFECTS
NURSING MANAGEMENT
- Observe 10 R's
- Monitor before and after the VS
- Instruct patient to discontinue the use of duavent and institute appropriate systematic therapy in cases of overdose.
- Be cautious of paradoxical bronchospasm that can be life threatening. If it occurs discontinue the preparation immediately.
Amlodipine
DID YOU KNOW?
In the United Kingdom, tablets of amlopidine from different suppliers may contain different salts.
CHEMISTRY
Chemical names: Amlodipine; 88150-42-9; Norvasc; Amlodis; Amlodipino; Amlodipinum
METABOLISM
These medications block the transport of calcium into the smooth muscle cells lining the coronary arteries of the body. Since calcium is important in muscle contraction, blocking calcium transport relaxes artery muscles and dilates coronary arteries and other arteries of the body. By relaxing coronary arteries, amlodipine is useful in preventing chest pain (angina) resulting from coronary artery spasm. Relaxing the muscle lining, the ateries of the rest of the body lowers the blood pressure, which reduces the burden on the heart as it pumps blood to the body.
THERAPEUTIC EFFECTS
It is indicated for the use in the treatment for high blood pressure.
CONTRAINDICATIONS
It is contraindicated in patients hypersensitivity to dihydropyridines.
SIDE EFFECTS
Most common side effects are headache and Edema (swelling) of the lower extremities. Less common side effects include dizziness, flushing, fatigue, nausea, and palpitations.
NURSING MANAGEMENT
- Monitor BP for therapeutic effectiveness. BP reductions greatest after peak levels of amlodipine are achieved 6-9h following oral doses.
- Monitor for S&S of dose related peripheral or facial edema that may not be accompanied by weight gain, rarely, severe edema may cause discontinuation of drug.
- Report shortness of breath, palpations, irregular heartbeat, nausea, or constipation.
No comments:
Post a Comment